A Novel Adaptive Elite-Based Particle Swarm Optimization Applied to VAR Optimization in Electric Power Systems

Table 8

Performance of different methods used to minimize 𝑓₄ based on 10 simulation results (number of iterations = 500).

		Proposed method	PSO	CPSO	DE	GA
Best 𝑓4	𝑓4	8.29𝑒−06	1.93𝑒−04	1.423543	4.46𝑒−04	0.780793
	Time (s)	0.0917	0.0394	0.0472	0.4336	1.8306
Mean	𝑓4	7.83𝑒−05	0.000463	2.379854	0.000836	1.517645
	Time (s)	0.0921	0.0405	0.0475	0.4346	1.7197
Worst 𝑓4	𝑓4	3.35𝑒−04	2.58𝑒−03	4.10𝑒+00	8.12𝑒−04	2.621082
	Time (s)	0.0919	0.0406	0.0475	0.4347	1.6464