Research Article

Evaluation of Green Port Factors and Performance: A Fuzzy AHP Analysis

Table 2

Types of green port measures and actions.

MeasuresDetailed actions

Air pollution (AP)AP1. Set up air quality monitoring system
AP2. Set up sulfur and nitrogen emissions control area
AP3. Provide shore power
AP4. Use energy from renewable sources
AP5. Use more electric machines/equipments
AP6. Use automated gateway system
AP7. Install air filter on port machines
AP8. Port machines use clean fuel with lower sulfur content
AP9. Monitor dust levels
AP10. Implement dust and smoke recycle measures
AP11. Monitor smoke from vessels
AP12. Adjust the type of importing bulk cargo (e.g., replace coal splinter with block coal)
AP13. Promote environment-friendly transport
A14. Promote port ride share or use shuttle bus
AP15. Establish the carbon footprint
AP16. Vessel speed reduction in port
AP17. Idle control on vehicles and cargo handling equipments
AP18. Idle truck parking arrangement
AP19. Use lower air pollution truck
AP20. Replace or improve the old vehicles
AP21. Vehicles and vessels to use clean fuel with lower sulfur content

Water pollution (WP)WP1. Dredge monitoring and assessment
WP2. Investigate sewage source
WP3. Monitor water quality
WP4. Handle spill oil emergency
WP5. Install palisade on sewage pipe
WP6. Manage ballast water
WP7. Handle on board sewage
WP8. Improve the standard of ship’s sanitation equipment

Noise pollution (NP)NP1. Set high standards of noise limits
NP2. Monitor noise levels during construction and operation
NP3. Require to use lower noise
NP4. Install double insulation windows and boards
NP5. Use noise reduction machines (forklifts, ships, trucks, and other devices vehicles)

Land and sediments pollution (LP)LP1. Remediation of contaminated sites
LP2. Reuse of dredge sediments
LP3. Sediments deposited in the separated area

Materials selection (MS)MS1. Adopt LEED standard for green building
MS2. Procure locally available materials and suppliers
MS3. Use reusable materials for building/facility
MS4. Encourage using environment-friendly materials
MS5. Port landscaping to use local native species

Water consumption (WS)WS1. Reduce waste of drinking water and irrigation
WS2. Monitor water usage and leakage
WS3. On-site water treatment and reuse

Energy usage (EU)EU1. Use new environment-friendly energy in office and port area (e.g., solar power)
EU2. Microclimate design
EU3. Use energy efficient control system
EU4. Use “heat stop” paint to coat the refrigerated containers
EU5. E-document program
EU6. Use energy efficient light in port area

General waste handling (GH)GH1. Recycle publications or office waste
GH2. Reduce packaging use and choice fewer packaging use supplier
GH3. Provide a dedicated storage area for recycling
GH4. Reuse the construction waste materials
GH5. Garbage classification in port area
GH6. Vessel waste classification

Hazardous waste handling (HH)HH1. Separate hazardous goods and poisons during construction and operation
HH2. Employ licensed contractor to handle hazardous waste
HH3. Sterilizing and burning of cargoes coming from epidemic area

Habitat quality (HQ)HQ1. Establish indicators of habitat quality
HQ2. Ecological monitoring in port area
HQ3. Establish compensation area or alternative area
HQ4. Expansion of tidal areas for habitat restoration

Port greenery (PG)PG1. grow flowers or trees in port area
PG2. Use biological spectrum lighting
PG3. Use nonchemical composition of pesticide and fertilizer

Community promotion and education (CE)CE1. Allow public to have port tour
CE2. Provide job opportunity
CE3. Encourage public participating in port planning
CE4. Provide green port web site
CE5. Promote green port concept for the community
CE6. Public opinion survey

Port staff training (PT)PT1. Hold green port seminar
PT2. Provide green facilities/building guide and training
PT3. Implement an accredited Environmental Management System
PT4. Provide green port training

Sources: adapted from Chiu and Lai [24].