Research Article
An Efficient Algorithm for Unconstrained Optimization
Table 7
Rastrigin problem.
| Algorithm | Dim. | M. G/I | P. | EOF | Best | Average | Median | Time (s) |
| PSO-3P | 10 | 500 | 3 | 878 | 0 | 4.72E − 02 | 0 | 1.101 |
| PSO-3P | 30 | 500 | 3 | 510 | 0 | 3.21E − 07 | 0 | 0.584 | ELIPSO [19] | 30 | 100 | 1500 | — | 3.8941 | 8.6403 | 8.8185 | — | LDWIPSO [19] | 30 | 100 | 1500 | — | 13.9294 | 25.67 | 26.8639 | — | FIWPSO [19] | 30 | 100 | 1500 | — | 22.8841 | 29.5503 | 28.3564 | — | CIWPSO [19] | 30 | 100 | 1500 | — | 7.9597 | 19.0042 | 19.8992 | — | RIWPSO [19] | 30 | 100 | 1500 | — | 11.9397 | 25.5707 | 25.3715 | — | TVACPSO [19] | 30 | 100 | 1500 | — | 9.9496 | 24.7745 | 25.3714 | — | COPSO [19] | 30 | 100 | 1500 | — | 30.8437 | 51.687 | 47.758 | — | IRPEO [13] | 30 | 50000 | 50 | — | 2.47E − 05 | 6.19E − 05 | — | — | pPSA [20] | 30 | 2000 | 30 | — | 4.78E + 01 | 8.11E + 01 | 8.21E + 01 | — | PSO-EO [22] | 30 | 20000 | 10 | — | 0 | 0.00E + 00 | — | 0.61 | LX-PM [23] | 30 | 5000 | 300 | 165471 | — | 0.00E + 00 | — | 2.997 | LX-MPTM [23] | 30 | 5000 | 300 | 350541 | — | 1.23E − 12 | — | 6.515 | LX-NUM [23] | 30 | 5000 | 300 | — | — | 7.30E + 00 | — | — | HX-PM [23] | 30 | 5000 | 300 | 167851 | — | 0.00E + 00 | — | 2.441 | HX-MPTM [23] | 30 | 5000 | 300 | 245281 | — | 9.22E − 12 | — | 4.219 | HX-NUM [23] | 30 | 5000 | 300 | 426651 | — | 3.11E − 13 | — | 7.358 | ADM [24] | 30 | 1456 | — | — | — | 1.36E + 01 | — | 57.03 | RM [24] | 30 | 12978 | — | — | — | 1.30E − 02 | — | 1638.42 | PLM [24] | 30 | 10467 | — | — | — | 4.31E − 03 | — | 971.72 | NUM [24] | 30 | 16410 | — | — | — | 4.43E − 02 | — | 516.03 | MNUM [24] | 30 | 6468 | — | — | — | 1.80E + 01 | — | 214.95 | PM [24] | 30 | 20712 | — | — | — | 8.23E + 00 | — | 709.02 |
| PSO-3P | 50 | 500 | 3 | 413 | 0 | 1.63E − 07 | 0 | 0.482 | PSO [21] | 50 | 10000 | — | — | — | 3.14E + 01 | — | — | SFLA [21] | 50 | 10000 | — | — | — | 5.96E + 00 | — | — | MSFLA [21] | 50 | 10000 | — | 10000000 | — | 2.00E − 03 | — | 19.72 | MSFLA-EO [21] | 50 | 10000 | — | 4600000 | — | 0.00E + 00 | — | 9.41 | CSA [25] | 50 | 2000 | — | 4000 | — | 9.72E − 07 | — | — | ACSA [25] | 50 | 2000 | — | 2500 | — | 8.56E − 09 | — | — |
| PSO-3P | 100 | 500 | 3 | 510 | 0 | 8.48E − 05 | 0 | 0.595 | ELPSO [19] | 100 | 100 | 5000 | — | 1.0448 | 5.5402 | 5.7829 | — | CPSO [19] | 100 | — | — | — | 49.8618 | 78.782 | 82.187 | — | HS [19] | 100 | — | — | — | 300.2257 | 415.5759 | 360.5646 | — | GA [19] | 100 | — | — | — | 720.2649 | 768.2887 | 775.294 | — | FSO [19] | 100 | — | — | — | 169.1787 | 214.1549 | 218.9371 | — | GSA [19] | 100 | — | — | — | 27.8589 | 29.8488 | 29.8488 | — | BSOA [19] | 100 | — | — | — | 135.4258 | 164.6546 | 146.3873 | — | ABC [19] | 100 | — | — | — | 735.1485 | 753.3054 | 756.6776 | — |
| PSO-3P | 120 | 500 | 3 | 466 | 0 | 9.16E − 06 | 0 | 0.372 |
| PSO-3P | 1000 | 500 | 3 | 516 | 0 | 1.28E − 04 | 0 | 0.4 |
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Average.
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