Optimal Sizing of a Photovoltaic-Hydrogen Power System for HALE Aircraft by means of Particle Swarm Optimization

Table 2

Input data used for the cases of study.

Parameter	Value	Unit	Description
	8	kg	Mass of control, energy manage, and communication system
		day	Days of the year
		h	Hours of a day
	1366.1	W/m^2	Solar constant (ASTM E-490)
	0.028	—	Drag coefficient (20 km altitude, 29.49 m/s level flight velocity and 155185 Re number) [17]
L/D	28.5	—	Ratio of lift-drag (20 km altitude, 29.49 m/s level flight velocity and 155185 Re number) [17]
	0.6	—	Efficiency of propulsion system
	0.15	—	Efficiency of photovoltaic system
	1	kg/m^2	Mass density of solar cells
	1500	W/kg	Specific power density of URFC