An Improved Genetic Algorithm with Initial Population Strategy for Symmetric TSP

Table 2

Results of different strategies with the same time.

Method	RIP			GIP			KIP
Examples	Best err. (%)	Ave. err. (%)	Ave. time (s)	Best err. (%)	Ave. err. (%)	Ave. time (s)	Best err. (%)	Ave. err. (%)	Ave. time (s)
berlin52	2.2890	5.6054	16.3333	4.5497	5.4338	16.3333	0.0000	3.0120	16.3208
kroA100	2.4233	4.8220	20.3425	0.7447	4.4327	20.3425	0.1035	2.5505	20.3318
pr144	1.5751	2.9365	26.5358	1.8611	4.8923	26.5358	2.0176	3.5041	26.5335
ch150	4.7941	9.8965	25.4282	5.0946	7.7747	25.4282	5.1038	6.7850	25.4257
kroB150	2.9470	5.9548	25.5686	3.4723	6.9908	25.5686	3.3544	5.8072	25.5628
pr152	3.0562	4.2483	26.4266	1.7454	3.9500	26.4266	2.5998	3.5800	26.4204
rat195	6.3251	8.6355	30.0770	11.4580	12.9902	30.0770	8.7133	11.3242	30.0717
d198	4.4745	5.3608	32.5886	4.4171	4.9603	32.5886	2.8149	4.5911	32.5780
kroA200	9.3804	11.7009	31.8710	8.4947	11.349	31.871	5.3725	8.8791	31.8691
ts225	9.7628	13.5387	34.1798	11.1856	16.8642	34.1798	10.3008	14.5409	34.1776
pr226	6.6253	7.0874	36.3014	9.6295	12.8062	36.3014	4.9741	6.1991	36.3008
pr299	18.0739	21.8767	44.7099	24.5210	28.4839	44.7099	14.6584	17.0753	44.6964
lin318	25.4203	27.0580	47.2527	28.4007	29.9471	47.2527	15.0669	17.2412	47.2462
pcb442	40.6996	43.8170	62.8216	41.6218	45.9415	62.8216	22.5887	24.0461	62.8187
Average	9.8462	12.3242	32.8884	11.2283	14.0583	32.8884	6.9763	9.2239	32.8824