Enhancing Both Efficiency and Representational Capability of Isomap by Extensive Landmark Selection

Figure 6

(a), (b), (c), and (d) demonstrate manifolds with intrinsic topologies of low-dimensional concave regions. Each left figure shows the shape of the D manifold, and the right corresponding figure is its unwrapped projection in 2D space.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)