Cell-Based Smoothed Finite Element Method-Virtual Crack Closure Technique for a Piezoelectric Material of Crack

Table 1

Material constants.

Material	Elastic constants/(10^10 N/m^2)					Piezoelectric constant/(C/m^2)			Dielectric constant/(10^10 C/Vm)
	PZT-4	13.9	7.78	7.43	2.56	11.3		13.84	13.44	60.0	54.7
P-7	13.0	8.3	8.3	2.5	11.9		14.7	13.5	171.0	186.0
PZT-5H	12.6	7.95	8.41	2.3	11.7		23.3	17.44	150.3	130.0