Cell-Based Smoothed Finite Element Method-Virtual Crack Closure Technique for a Piezoelectric Material of Crack

Table 4

Normalized energy release rate under different smoothing subcells.

	Normalized energy release rate	FEM-VCCT	CSFEM-VCCT
			1	2	4	8	16
PZT-4		0.9861	0.9688	0.9799	0.9882	1.0095	1.011
		0.9860	0.9741	0.9789	0.9872	0.9912	0.9916
P-7		0.9766	0.9630	0.9699	0.9777	0.9777	0.9802
		0.9861	0.9744	0.9784	0.9871	0.9873	0.9901
PZT-5H		0.9773	0.9646	0.9715	0.9805	0.9803	0.9841
		0.9849	0.9758	0.9815	0.9859	0.9891	1.0142