Bus Travel Time Deviation Analysis Using Automatic Vehicle Location Data and Structural Equation Modeling

Table 2

Model fit measures for the original and modified SEM models.

Measure name	Acceptable level	Original; model	Modified; Model A	Modified; Model B
Chi-square	The smaller the nonsignificant () value the better	96.500; ()	78.066; ()	21.399; ()
Ratio of Chi-square to the degrees of freedom (df)	reflects a good model fit	5.676	4.337	1.783
Goodness-of-fit (GFI)	GFI > 0.95 reflects a good model fit	0.884	0.906	0.971
Adjusted GFI (AGFI)	AGFI > 0.95 reflects a good model fit	0.754	0.812	0.931
Root-mean-square error of approximation (RMSEA)	RMSEA < 0.05 indicates a good model fit 0.05~0.08 indicates reasonable fit	0.150	0.127	0.061