Direct Torque Control of Sensorless Induction Machine Drives: A Two-Stage Kalman Filter Approach

Table 1

Kalman estimation arithmetic operation requirement for the conventional EKF structure.

	Number of multiplications; (, , and )	Number of additions; (, , and )
, , and	Function of system (9)	Function of system (3)
	()	()
	()	()
	()	()
	()	()
	()	()
Total	960	818