Parallel and Cooperative Particle Swarm Optimizer for Multimodal Problems

Table 2

Globally optimal vector , corresponding function value , search range, and initialization range of test functions.

Functions			Search range	Initialization range
	[0, 0, …, 0]	0	[−100, 100]	[−100, 50]
	[1, 1, …, 1]	0	[−2, 2]	[−2, 2]
	[0, 0, …, 0]	0	[−600, 600]	[−600, 200]
	[0, 0, …, 0]	0	[−5.12, 5.12]	[−5.12, 2]
	[0, 0, …, 0]	0	[−32, 32]	[−32, 16]
	[0, 0, …, 0]	0	[−0.5, 0.5]	[−0.5, 0.2]
	[0, 0, …, 0]	0	[−5.12, 5.12]	[−5.12, 2]
	[420.96, 420.96, …, 420.96]	0	[−500, 500]	[−500, 500]
	[0, 0, …, 0]	0	[−32, 32]	[−32, 16]
	[0, 0, …, 0]	0	[−5.12, 5.12]	[−5.12, 2]
	[0, 0, …, 0]	0	[−600, 600]	[−600, 200]
	[0, 0, …, 0]	0	[−0.5, 0.5]	[−0.5, 0.2]
	[0, 0, …, 0]	0	[−5.12, 5.12]	[−5.12, 2]
	[420.96, 420.96, …, 420.96]	0	[−500, 500]	[−500, 500]
	[]	−330	[−5.12, 5.12]	[−5.12, 2]