Research Article

A Hybrid Backtracking Search Optimization Algorithm with Differential Evolution

Table 5

Error values obtained by aHBD, HBD, and paHBD for CEC-2013 benchmark functions at .

aHBDpaHBDBSADEHBD
AVGEr  ± STDEr valueAVGEr  ± STDEr valueAVGEr  ± STDEr valueAVGEr  ± STDEr

1.29E − 28 ± 1.18E − 28+0.0002925.53E − 29 ± 8.39E − 29+0.0309461.11E − 29 ± 4.11E − 29=0.6660161.36E − 29 ± 4.17E − 29
5.01E + 04 ± 2.88E + 040.0000125.64E + 04 ± 3.39E + 040.0000126.80E + 04 ± 3.33E + 040.0000123.15E + 05 ± 1.52E + 05
1.13E + 07 ± 3.20E + 07=0.9249711.74E + 06 ± 2.61E + 06=0.2012225.21E + 06 ± 1.24E + 07=0.6964254.38E + 06 ± 8.11E + 06
5.61E + 01 ± 5.41E + 010.0000122.40E + 02 ± 2.17E + 020.0000124.02E + 02 ± 2.24E + 020.0000125.05E + 03 ± 2.23E + 03
4.26E − 16 ± 1.48E − 15+0.0078132.84E − 16 ± 1.42E − 15=0.0625000.00E + 00 ± 0.00E + 00=1.0000000.00E + 00 ± 0.00E + 00
5.01E + 00 ± 5.53E + 000.0172534.67E + 00 ± 3.66E + 000.0038221.18E + 01 ± 1.25E + 01=0.3966791.12E + 01 ± 1.47E + 01
4.31E + 01 ± 1.62E + 01=0.0979704.74E + 01 ± 1.50E + 01=0.4926335.87E + 01 ± 1.63E + 01=0.0979705.03E + 01 ± 1.61E + 01
2.09E + 01 ± 4.16E − 02=0.3002412.09E + 01 ± 6.05E − 02=0.5097552.09E + 01 ± 4.74E − 02=0.2108722.10E + 01 ± 3.17E − 02
2.18E + 01 ± 3.56E + 00=0.8611622.18E + 01 ± 3.42E + 00=0.6377332.60E + 01 ± 2.82E + 00+0.0002962.12E + 01 ± 4.26E + 00
6.25E − 02 ± 3.76E − 020.0148896.11E − 02 ± 3.92E − 020.0229882.04E − 01 ± 1.19E − 01+0.0001269.15E − 02 ± 5.25E − 02
3.03E + 01 ± 1.53E + 01+0.0000123.06E + 00 ± 2.05E + 00+0.0000837.96E − 02 ± 2.75E − 01=0.0625003.58E − 01 ± 6.34E − 01
7.43E + 01 ± 1.98E + 01=0.2641508.12E + 01 ± 1.39E + 01=0.9678068.64E + 01 ± 2.23E + 01=0.2418208.09E + 01 ± 1.53E + 01
1.38E + 02 ± 2.88E + 01=0.5097551.35E + 02 ± 2.66E + 01=0.3673851.43E + 02 ± 1.76E + 01=0.0543741.29E + 02 ± 2.90E + 01
5.85E + 01 ± 5.92E + 01+0.0000127.23E + 00 ± 4.53E + 00+0.0002667.33E + 00 ± 4.72E + 00+0.0008082.83E + 00 ± 1.82E + 00
3.45E + 03 ± 4.72E + 02=0.3394793.49E + 03 ± 5.12E + 02=0.8611623.39E + 03 ± 3.92E + 02=0.3818603.50E + 03 ± 4.82E + 02
1.49E + 00 ± 3.48E − 01+0.0080411.14E + 00 ± 5.92E − 01=0.6766371.23E + 00 ± 5.19E − 01=0.8823521.31E + 00 ± 2.38E − 01
3.92E + 01 ± 9.55E + 00+0.0000123.17E + 01 ± 7.18E − 01+0.0000233.17E + 01 ± 5.55E − 01+0.0000253.09E + 01 ± 1.79E − 01
1.05E + 02 ± 2.28E + 01=0.1218288.78E + 01 ± 2.07E + 01=0.3002418.84E + 01 ± 1.83E + 01=0.4118409.46E + 01 ± 2.11E + 01
2.10E + 00 ± 1.09E + 00+0.0000361.44E + 00 ± 2.94E − 01+0.0110001.47E + 00 ± 2.13E − 01+0.0006021.23E + 00 ± 2.28E − 01
1.07E + 01 ± 5.66E − 010.0045301.13E + 01 ± 4.56E − 01=0.5629281.13E + 01 ± 6.33E − 01=0.4273391.11E + 01 ± 5.89E − 01
3.26E + 02 ± 9.08E + 01=0.1214773.41E + 02 ± 9.20E + 01=0.0614072.81E + 02 ± 6.67E + 01=0.8948672.95E + 02 ± 7.95E + 01
2.47E + 02 ± 2.57E + 02+0.0000145.78E + 01 ± 3.61E + 01=0.4926336.63E + 01 ± 2.99E + 01+0.0029474.48E + 01 ± 1.35E + 01
3.86E + 03 ± 5.21E + 02=0.2528134.21E + 03 ± 5.58E + 02=0.3394794.19E + 03 ± 4.20E + 02=0.8190954.16E + 03 ± 5.07E + 02
2.36E + 02 ± 8.94E + 00+0.0087052.27E + 02 ± 9.76E + 00=0.5629282.35E + 02 ± 9.21E + 00+0.0094172.28E + 02 ± 8.92E + 00
2.75E + 02 ± 1.32E + 01=0.1035532.80E + 02 ± 1.02E + 01=0.7569952.86E + 02 ± 1.34E + 01=0.0693372.80E + 02 ± 8.80E + 00
2.11E + 02 ± 3.75E + 01+0.0024702.00E + 02 ± 3.02E − 030.0000162.00E + 02 ± 1.85E − 030.0000122.00E + 02 ± 6.81E − 03
7.42E + 02 ± 1.07E + 02=0.8823527.58E + 02 ± 1.52E + 02=0.9892669.19E + 02 ± 1.49E + 02+0.0008917.52E + 02 ± 1.33E + 02
3.00E + 02 ± 1.90E − 13+0.0163773.00E + 02 ± 1.95E − 13+0.0389473.00E + 02 ± 1.65E − 13=1.0000003.00E + 02 ± 1.32E − 13
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