Research Article

The Evolutionary Algorithm to Find Robust Pareto-Optimal Solutions over Time

Table 1

The dynamic benchmark functions.

Benchmark function Definition Type

FDA1 Type I
, 
where:

FDA2Type III
, 
where:

FDA3 Type II
, 
where:

FDA4 Type I
, 
where: ,

FDA5 Type II
, 
, , 
where: ,

DMOP1 Type III
, 
where:

DMOP2 Type II
, 
where:

DMOP3 Type II
, 
where: ,