Naïve Bayesian Classifier for Selecting Good/Bad Projects during the Early Stage of International Construction Bidding Decisions

Table 1

Risk attributes affecting project profitability.

Category	Risk code	Risk attribute	Cronbach’s value
Political and social risks	R1	High degree of corruption, collusion, and illegal transaction	0.787
	R2	Lack of familiarity with local cultures, customs, and traditions
	R3	Frequent policy and postlegislative changes
	R4	Insufficient legal system
Economic and inflation risks	R5	High material unit price volatility	0.735
	R6	High equipment unit price volatility
	R7	High local currency exchange rate volatility
Owner risks	R8	Unsatisfactory owner management capabilities	0.869
	R9	Insufficient design information from the owner
	R10	Lacking specifications and bidding documents provided by the owner
	R11	Approval and permission delays on documentation and construction
	R12	Illegal requirements without contracts
Bidding and contract risks	R13	Insufficient time for bidding and construction quotation preparation	0.834
	R14	Inadequate consideration of variations in contract duration
	R15	High-level local content requirements
	R16	Complex tax and tariff regulations
	R17	Low-level inflation compensation conditions
	R18	Inadequate warranty-related conditions
	R19	Inadequate payment regulations relative to international contracts
	R20	Ineffective dispute resolution procedures and regulations
Procurement risks	R21	Inadequate local labor supplies and procurement conditions	0.905
	R22	Inadequate local labor supplies and demand conditions
	R23	Inadequate material production supplies and procurement conditions
	R24	Inadequate material production supplies and demand conditions
	R25	Inadequate material production from third-world-country supplies and demand conditions
	R26	Inadequate equipment from local country supplies and procurement conditions
	R27	Inadequate local equipment supply procurement and demand conditions
	R28	Inadequate local subcontractor procurement conditions
Geographic risks	R29	Inadequate geographical conditions of materials and equipment delivery	0.853
	R30	Inadequate logistical conditions (i.e., electricity, water, gas, and communication)
	R31	Inadequate business environment and welfare conditions
	R32	Inadequate weather conditions for construction
	R33	Inadequate geological site conditions
	R34	Severe complaints regarding construction throughout project implementation
Construction performance risks	R35	Lacking design experience	0.917
	R36	Lacking bid estimation experience
	R37	Unsatisfactory cash flow management capabilities
	R38	Unsatisfactory site manager leadership and organization management capabilities
	R39	Unsatisfactory site manager experience relative to similar construction projects
	R40	Unsatisfactory international project planning and management capabilities
	R41	Unsatisfactory quality management capabilities
	R42	Unsatisfactory resource management capabilities
	R43	Unsatisfactory conflict management capabilities
	R44	Unsatisfactory contract management capabilities
	R45	Lacking connectivity between sites and headquarters
	R46	Unsatisfactory localization
	R47	Lacking trust between project participants
	R48	Poor communication between project participants
	R49	Poor project management capabilities based on IT
	R50	Inadequate construction methods for the specific project
	R51	Insufficient subcontractor project performance