Spacecraft Multiple-Impulse Trajectory Optimization Using Differential Evolution Algorithm with Combined Mutation Strategies and Boundary-Handling Schemes

Table 7

Results of Cassini mission optimized by the DE_CMS, DE_CBHS, and DE_CMSBHS.

Algorithms	Mean (Std)
	FEs = 2 × 10^5
DE_CMS + “whole_rand”	12.0145 (5.4773)
DE_CMS + “current_rand”	11.3647 (2.4780)
DE_CMS + “reflect_rand”	13.4766 (4.4237)
DE_CMS + “cut_off”	12.7364 (3.8346)
“DE/rand/1” + DE_CBHS	18.2376 (6.3474)
“DE/rand/2” + DE_CBHS	17.8534 (6.4369)
“DE/current-to-rand/1” + DE_CBHS	17.2675 (5.9437)
“DE/current-to-best/1” + DE_CBHS	15.4394 (5.1473)
DE_CMSBHS	8.7099 (1.4116)