Comparison of Three Analytical Methods for the Precise Calculation of Cogging Torque and Torque Ripple in Axial Flux PM Machines

Table 5

Comparison of the mean torque, torque ripple, and relative error compared to the 3D FE model.

	Model type
	FE models			Analytical models
	3D FE model	2D FE model (a)	2D FE model (b)	SC model	SD model
(kNm)	−8.04	−8.07	−8.13	−8.5	−8.3
()	0	0.4	1	6	3
(Nm)	282	297	286	642	297
()	0	5	1.5	128	5