Multistep Wind Speed Forecasting Using a Novel Model Hybridizing Singular Spectrum Analysis, Modified Intelligent Optimization, and Rolling Elman Neural Network

Algorithm 1

FA.

Parameters:

—the fitness function of firefly  .

—the maximum number of iterations.

—the number of fireflies.

—light intensity of firefly  .

—coefficient of light absorption.

(1) Set the parameters of FA.

(2) Generate initial population of fireflies randomly.

(3) FOR EACH  :   DO

(4) Evaluate the corresponding fitness function  .

(5) END FOR

(6) Determine light intensity.

(7) FOR EACH  :    DO

(8) Determine light intensity    using  

(10) WHILE     DO

(11) FOR EACH    DO

(12) FOR EACH    DO

(13) Move firefly    towards    in all    dimensions.

(14) IF    THEN

(15)

(16)

(17) END IF

(18) Evaluate the new solution and update the new light intensity  .

(19) END FOR  

(20) END FOR  

(21) END WHILE