Multistep Wind Speed Forecasting Using a Novel Model Hybridizing Singular Spectrum Analysis, Modified Intelligent Optimization, and Rolling Elman Neural Network

Table 13

The average results of study one and study two.

	ARIMA	BP	RENN	SSA-RENN	SSA-PSO-RENN	Proposed model
MSE (m/s)	1.7270	1.4440	1.3634	0.9276	0.9602	0.9182
MAE (m/s)	0.9187	0.8489	0.8063	0.6661	0.6714	0.6574
MAPE (%)	14.23	12.64	12.10	10.12	10.16	9.94
DM						—

is 1% significance level; is 5% significance level; is 10% significance level.