Research Article

A Framework for Constrained Optimization Problems Based on a Modified Particle Swarm Optimization

Table 7

Statistical results of different methods for the tension compression spring design problem.

Methods BestMeanWorstStd. dev.

SASPSO 2011 0.012665230.012665240.01266527
SAIWPSO 0.012665300.012701330.01275011
FGIWPSO 0.012720580.012731210.01278633
TVPSO 0.012720580.012743280.01282146
SPSO 2011 0.013054510.013276120.01377532
CPSO 0.013068120.013474130.01383239
RPSO 0.013142910.013621540.01402336
PSO-DE [20] 0.012665230.012665240.01266530
CDE [35] 0.012670200.012703000.01279000