A Framework for Constrained Optimization Problems Based on a Modified Particle Swarm Optimization

Table 8

The best results of different methods for tension compression spring design problem.

Methods	Variables and constraints							Cost function
	SASPSO 2011	0.05169793	0.35693118	11.27646560						0.01266523
SAIWPSO	0.05170333	0.35819358	11.20296603					0.01266530
FGIWPSO	0.05000000	0.31740420	14.03076460					0.01272058
TVPSO	0.05000000	0.31735633	14.04028984					0.01272621
SPSO 2011	0.05168856	0.35421966	11.79428645					0.01305451
CPSO	0.05615078	0.47379809	6.747988161					0.01306812
RPSO	0.05682401	0.49270160	6.261210792					0.01314291
PSO-DE [20]	0.05168881	0.35671170	11.28931993					0.01266523
CDE [35]	0.05160900	0.35471400	11.41083100					0.01267020