Monitoring of Distillation Column Based on Indiscernibility Dynamic Kernel PCA

Table 2

Process faults for distillation column.

Number	Disturbances	Location
1	Increasing concentration; Parameter: 0.5–0.6 at = 0.5 h	Feed
2	Increasing concentration; Parameter: 0.5–0.51 at = 0.5 h	Feed
3	Increasing flow rate; Parameter: 20–20.1 at = 0.5 h	Feed
4	Increase valve opening; Parameter: 12.5%–18% at = 0.5 h	Feed
5	Decrease valve opening; Parameter: 50%–45% at = 0.5 h	Reflux
6	Decrease valve opening; Parameter: 50%–45% at = 0.5 h	Vapor