Size and Topology Optimization for Trusses with Discrete Design Variables by Improved Firefly Algorithm

Table 2

Load cases of 25-bar spatial truss.

Case	Node
1	1	44.5	44.5	−22.25
	2	0	44.5	−22.25
	3	2.225	0	0
	6	2.225	0	0
2	1	0	89.0	−22.25
	2	0	−89.0	−22.25