Research Article

Size and Topology Optimization for Trusses with Discrete Design Variables by Improved Firefly Algorithm

Table 6

Load cases of 25-bar spatial truss.

NodeCase1Case2
/kN/kN/kN/kN

(17)22.2522.25−22.250.00.0−22.25
(18)0.00.00.00.00.0−22.25
(19)0.00.00.00.00.0−22.25
(20)0.00.00.00.00.0−22.25