Enhancing the Performance of Biogeography-Based Optimization Using Multitopology and Quantitative Orthogonal Learning

Figure 2

Variables and observed at different iterative stages of BBO and EBBO.

(a) Initial population by Latin Hypercube Sampling

(b) BBO at generation = 50

(c) BBO at generation = 100

(d) BBO at generation = 150

(e) BBO at generation = 200

(f) EBBO at generation = 50

(g) EBBO at generation = 100

(h) EBBO at generation = 150

(i) EBBO at generation = 200