Research Article

Evaluating the Efficiency of Industrialization Process in Prefabricated Residential Buildings Using a Fuzzy Multicriteria Decision-Making Method

Table 1

Definitions of the industrialization efficiency assessment indicators.

Criteria (codes)Indicators (codes)Definition

Standardized design (F1)Modular coordination (F11)The design shall have good coordination of dimension and space, in which the building and its components are dimensioned and positioned based on a basic unit or module.
The design shall comply with relevant national or international modular coordination standards, such as the Modular Coordination Standard for the Building (GB/T50002) in China.
Degree of prefabrication (F12)The degree that prefabricated components account for the volume of concrete products used in the whole building.
Degree of preassembly (F13)The degree that nonvolumetric and volumetric preassembly account for the volume of prefabricated components used in the whole building.
Integrated design of main structure, equipment and decoration (F14)The design shall integrate the prefabricated structural wall, insulation layer and exterior decoration.
The design shall integrate the main structure, equipment and interior decoration.
The design shall integrate the pipeline system of the mechanical and electrical equipment.

Off-site manufacture (F2) Qualification of manufacturer (F21)The manufacturer shall have relevant production technologies and equipment, and adopt the quality management system.
Prefabrication standard and guide (F22)The prefabrication process shall comply with relevant technical standards and operational codes.
Prefabrication quality control measures (F23)The supervisors shall monitor the production process in the factory, which shall have the documents of all quality acceptance records.
The quality of components shall comply with the requirements of design.

On-site construction (F3)Qualification of contractor (F31)The project is delivered using the general contractor management mode.
The construction process is implemented by a specialized construction team.
Mechanized construction (F32)The construction mechanization is adopted to ease the work of labor and improve the productivity.
Construction management planning (F33)Construction management planning shall contain the organization of construction schedule, site layout, material, people, and machines.
Construction management planning shall provide measures regarding quality, environmental, and safety issues.
Prefabricated component assembly planning (F34)Assembly planning of components shall contain various measures and technologies regarding components’ protection, storage, turning, lifting, positioning, stabilization, and connection.
Construction standard and guide (F35)Construction process shall adopt relevant prefabricated construction technical standards and codes.
Assembly quality testing (F36)Physical sampling inspections shall be conducted for critical zones and connecting parts, and testing results shall comply with the design requirements.
Quality acceptance activities shall be conducted according to prefabricated-building-related standards.
Quality testing results shall comply with the requirements of relevant standards and codes.
Integrated construction of main structure, equipment installment and decoration (F37)The construction and manufacture of main structural components shall be integrated and coordinated with equipment installation and decoration.

Component transportation (F4)Component transportation planning (F41)Component transportation planning shall include the organization of schedule, order, route lines of transportation, other measures related to components’ protection.
Component stacking and storage management (F42)Component stacking and storage should be coordinated with the construction process in order to avoid retransportation and on-site stacking.
Component quality and safety control measures (F43)Transportation and temporary storage shall have special measures to ensure quality and safety of components.

Integrated information management (F5)Information management system developing (F51)The information management system shall be developed, which can dynamically, quantitatively and systematically control and coordinate the whole production process.
Information management professionals (F52)All project participants shall appoint information management professionals, who are responsible for the maintenance of the information system.
Information collecting, sharing and transferring (F53)The building information modeling (BIM) shall be developed at the design stage, and be subsequently updated with the manufacture of components and the construction process, in order to ensure the information sharing and transferring, and collaboration.

Sustainability (F6)Economical benefits (F61)The project shall achieve significant lower overall construction cost, and shortened durability compared with similar traditional buildings.
Social effects (F62)The project shall develop a specialized construction team, have a significantly improved health and safety performance, and contribute to the continuous improvement of industrialization technologies.
Environmental effects (F63)The project has the significantly reduced energy and water consumption, environmental emissions and construction site waste, compared with similar traditional buildings.