Numerical Study on Flow around Four Square-Arranged Cylinders at Low Reynolds Numbers

Figure 10

The root-mean-square lift coefficients versus at different : experimental studies (Lam et al. (2003) [8]; Wang et al. (2013) [12]); simulation studies (Lam et al. (2008) [17]); and present results: (a) of four cylinders at , (b) of four cylinders at , (c) Cl′ of four cylinders at , (d) of four cylinders at , and (e) of four cylinders at .

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)