Research Article

Automatic Image Annotation Based on Particle Swarm Optimization and Support Vector Clustering

Box 1

Semantic word annotation of each class.
(0) Africa, people, landscape, animal
(1) autumn, tree, landscape, lake
(2) Bhutan, Asia, people, landscape, church
(3) California, sea, beach, ocean, flower
(4) Canada, sea, boat, house, flower, ocean
(5) Canada, west, mountain, landscape, cloud, snow, lake
(6) China, Asia, people, landscape, historical building
(7) Croatia, people, landscape, house, church
(8) death valley, landscape, cloud, mountain, lake
(9) dog, animal, grass