Combining Facility Location and Routing Decisions in Sustainable Urban Freight Distribution under Horizontal Collaboration: How Can Shippers Be Benefited?

Table 1

Truck and vehicle characteristics.

	Trucks; (regional routes)	Vehicle; (urban routes)
Capacity	800	200
Fixed cost	100	50
Average speed (km/h)	45	20
Total authorized weight (ton)	7.5–16	<1.5
(g/CO2)	532.6	59
(g/CO2)	479.82	58,6