Research Article
Adaptive Black Hole Algorithm for Solving the Set Covering Problem
Table 6
Comparison results for instance set of groups 4, 5, 6, and A.
| Instance | 4.1 | 4.2 | 4.3 | 4.4 | 4.5 | 4.6 | 4.7 | 4.8 | 4.9 | 4.10 |
| | 429 | 512 | 516 | 494 | 512 | 560 | 430 | 492 | 641 | 514 |
| BH-AS | | 430 | 512 | 516 | 494 | 512 | 560 | 430 | 492 | 643 | 514 | | 430 | 512 | 516 | 501 | 519 | 562 | 432 | 495 | 648 | 517 | | 0.002 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.003 | 0.000 | | 1811.2 | 1926.0 | 1957.1 | 2108.1 | 1992.3 | 2102.2 | 2032.2 | 2202.6 | 2109.9 | 2017.1 |
| BCSO | | 459 | 570 | 590 | 547 | 545 | 637 | 462 | 546 | 711 | 537 | | 480 | 594 | 607 | 578 | 554 | 650 | 467 | 567 | 725 | 552 | | 7 | 11.3 | 14.3 | 10.7 | 6.4 | 13.8 | 7.4 | 11 | 10.9 | 4.5 |
| BFO | | 429 | 517 | 519 | 495 | 514 | 563 | 430 | 497 | 655 | 519 | | 430 | 517 | 522 | 497 | 515 | 565 | 430 | 499 | 658 | 523 | | 0 | 0.97 | 0.58 | 0.2 | 0.39 | 0.53 | 0 | 1.01 | 2.18 | 0.97 |
| BSFLA | | 430 | 516 | 520 | 501 | 514 | 563 | 431 | 497 | 656 | 518 | | 430 | 518 | 520 | 504 | 514 | 563 | 432 | 499 | 656 | 519 | | 0.23 | 0.78 | 0.78 | 1.42 | 0.39 | 0.54 | 0.23 | 1.02 | 2.34 | 0.78 |
| BELA | | 447 | 559 | 537 | 527 | 527 | 607 | 448 | 509 | 682 | 571 | | 448 | 559 | 539 | 530 | 529 | 608 | 449 | 512 | 682 | 571 | | 4.20 | 9.18 | 4.07 | 6.68 | 2.93 | 8.39 | 4.19 | 3.46 | 6.40 | 11.09 |
| BABC | | 430 | 513 | 519 | 495 | 514 | 561 | 431 | 493 | 649 | 517 | | 430 | 513 | 521 | 496 | 517 | 565 | 434 | 494 | 651 | 519 | | 0.23 | 0.20 | 0.58 | 0.20 | 0.39 | 0.18 | 0.23 | 0.20 | 0.93 | 0.58 |
| MIP | | 429 | 512 | 516 | 494 | 512 | 560 | 430 | 492 | 641 | 514 | | 705 | 912 | 788 | 934 | 654 | 701 | 693 | 712 | 917 | 868 |
| Instance | 5.1 | 5.2 | 5.3 | 5.4 | 5.5 | 5.6 | 5.7 | 5.8 | 5.9 | 5.10 |
| | 253 | 302 | 226 | 242 | 211 | 213 | 293 | 288 | 279 | 265 |
| BH-AS | | 253 | 302 | 226 | 242 | 211 | 213 | 293 | 288 | 279 | 265 | | 253 | 302 | 226 | 242 | 211 | 213 | 293 | 288 | 279 | 265 | | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | | 2001.7 | 2071.2 | 2221.8 | 2191.2 | 2127.4 | 2222.1 | 2332.1 | 2339.2 | 2271.2 | 2057.7 |
| BCSO | | 279 | 339 | 247 | 251 | 230 | 232 | 332 | 320 | 295 | 285 | | 287 | 340 | 251 | 253 | 230 | 243 | 338 | 330 | 297 | 287 | | 10.3 | 12.3 | 9.3 | 3.7 | 9 | 8.9 | 13.3 | 11.1 | 5.7 | 7.5 |
| BFO | | 257 | 309 | 229 | 242 | 211 | 213 | 298 | 291 | 284 | 268 | | 260 | 311 | 233 | 242 | 213 | 213 | 301 | 292 | 284 | 270 | | 1.58 | 2.31 | 1.32 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1.7 | 1.04 | 1.79 | 1.13 |
| BSFLA | | 254 | 307 | 228 | 242 | 211 | 213 | 297 | 291 | 281 | 265 | | 255 | 307 | 230 | 242 | 213 | 214 | 299 | 293 | 283 | 266 | | 0.4 | 1.66 | 0.88 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1.37 | 1.04 | 0.72 | 0 |
| BELA | | 280 | 318 | 242 | 251 | 225 | 247 | 316 | 315 | 314 | 280 | | 281 | 321 | 240 | 252 | 227 | 248 | 317 | 317 | 315 | 282 | | 10.67 | 5.30 | 7.08 | 3.72 | 6.64 | 15.96 | 7.85 | 9.38 | 12.54 | 5.66 |
| BABC | | 254 | 309 | 229 | 242 | 211 | 214 | 298 | 289 | 280 | 267 | | 255 | 309 | 233 | 245 | 212 | 214 | 301 | 291 | 281 | 270 | | 0.40 | 2.32 | 1.33 | 0 | 0 | 0.47 | 1.71 | 0.35 | 0.36 | 0.75 |
| MIP | | 253 | 302 | 226 | 242 | 211 | 213 | 293 | 288 | 279 | 265 | | 4776 | 3882 | 4332 | 4899 | 4771 | 4329 | 3887 | 5191 | 4659 | 4879 |
| Instance | 6.1 | 6.2 | 6.3 | 6.4 | 6.5 | A.1 | A.2 | A.3 | A.4 | A.5 |
| | 138 | 146 | 145 | 131 | 161 | 253 | 252 | 232 | 234 | 236 |
| BH-AS | | 138 | 147 | 145 | 131 | 161 | 253 | 253 | 233 | 234 | 236 | | 142 | 150 | 147 | 131 | 161 | 234 | 253 | 234 | 234 | 236 | | 0.000 | 0.007 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.004 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | | 2915.7 | 2791.6 | 2751.7 | 3003.7 | 3038.3 | 2967.1 | 2983.2 | 3104.9 | 3111.1 | 3012.3 |
| BCSO | | 151 | 152 | 160 | 138 | 169 | 286 | 274 | 257 | 248 | 244 | | 160 | 157 | 164 | 142 | 173 | 287 | 276 | 263 | 251 | 244 | | 9.4 | 4.1 | 10.3 | 5.3 | 5 | 13 | 8.7 | 10.8 | 6 | 3 |
| BFO | | 138 | 147 | 147 | 131 | 164 | 255 | 259 | 238 | 235 | 236 | | 140 | 149 | 150 | 131 | 164 | 256 | 261 | 240 | 237 | 237 | | 0 | 0.68 | 1.37 | 0 | 1.86 | 0.79 | 2.77 | 2.58 | 0.42 | 0 |
| BSFLA | | 140 | 147 | 147 | 131 | 166 | 255 | 260 | 237 | 235 | 236 | | 141 | 147 | 148 | 133 | 169 | 258 | 260 | 239 | 238 | 239 | | 1.45 | 0.68 | 1.38 | 0 | 3.11 | 0.79 | 3.17 | 2.16 | 0.43 | 0 |
| BELA | | 152 | 160 | 160 | 140 | 184 | 261 | 279 | 252 | 250 | 241 | | 152 | 161 | 163 | 142 | 187 | 264 | 281 | 253 | 252 | 243 | | 10.14 | 9.59 | 10.34 | 6.87 | 14.29 | 3.16 | 10.71 | 8.62 | 6.84 | 2.12 |
| BABC | | 142 | 147 | 148 | 131 | 165 | 254 | 257 | 235 | 236 | 236 | | 143 | 150 | 149 | 133 | 167 | 254 | 259 | 238 | 237 | 238 | | 2.90 | 0.68 | 2.07 | 0 | 2.48 | 0.40 | 1.98 | 1.29 | 0.85 | 0 |
| MIP | | 138 | 146 | 145 | 131 | 161 | – | – | – | – | – | | 1445 | 2236 | 1885 | 2385 | 2187 | t.o. | t.o. | t.o. | t.o. | t.o. |
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