Investigation on Wheel-Rail Contact and Damage Behavior in a Flange Bearing Frog with Explicit Finite Element Method

Table 1

Values of parameters used in the model.

	Parameter	Value
Primary suspension	Axle load (t)	25
	Stiffness coefficient (MN·m^−1)	17
	Damping coefficient (kN·s·m^−1)	3
Wheel and rail materials	Elasticity modulus (GPa)	210
	Yield strength (MPa)	785
	Strain hardening modulus (GPa)	14.879
	Density (kg·m^−3)	7800
	Tangential Young’s modulus	20.6
	Poisson’s ratio β	0.3
	Damping constant	0.0001
Rubber mat	Stiffness coefficient (MN·m^−1)	90
	Damping coefficient (kN·s·m^−1)	75
	Elasticity modulus (GPa)	210
Contact parameters	Coefficient of friction	0.5