Nickel Price Forecast Based on the LSTM Neural Network Optimized by the Improved PSO Algorithm

Table 8

Comparison of prediction error index values of six models.

	PSO-LSTM11	PSO-LSTM12	PSO-LSTM21	PSO-LSTM22	LSTM	ARIMA
RMSE	588.97	584.72	569.50	553.89	610.32	633.96
MAE	507.76	507.26	495.12	460.03	507.85	508.45
MAPE (%)	4.49	4.49	4.37	4.11	4.56	4.61