Research Article

Urban Water Ecosystem Health Evaluation Based on the Improved Fuzzy Matter-Element Extension Assessment Model: Case Study from Zhengzhou City, China

Table 1

Evaluation index system of urban water ecosystem health.

FactorIndicatorsUnitDescription

Pressure (B1)GDP Growth Rate (P1)%Represents the increasing economic development pressures on urban water ecosystem [41].
Urbanization Rate (P2)%Represents the increasing population pressures on urban water ecosystem [42].
The Proportion of Tertiary Industry (P3)%Represents the urban water ecosystem pressures from tertiary industry, such as catering industry and service industry [43].
Water Consumption Per Unit of GDP (P4)m3 / 10− 4 YuanRepresents the water consumption per unit of GDP pressures on urban water ecosystem [42].
Water Consumption of Industrial Output (P5)m3 / 10− 4 YuanRepresents the urban water ecosystem pressures from industrial development [44].
Water Consumption of Eco-environment (P6)109 m3Represents the urban water ecosystem pressures from eco-environment water consumption [43].
Household Water Consumption (P7)109 m3Represents the urban water resource pressures from household water consumption [45].
Sewage Discharge (P8)109 m3Represents the water pollution pressures on urban water ecosystem [42].

State (B2)Water Resources Amount Per Unit Area (S1)104 m3  ·  km−2Refers to the ratio of surface water resource quantity and the land area [46].
Per Capita Water Resources (S2)m3Refers to the proportion of freshwater resource quantity and the population [47].
Per Capita Green Area (S3)m2Refers to the ratio of green area and the population [46].
Flood Control Rate (S4)%Refers to the state of flood control [46].

Response (B3) Sewage Treatment Rate (R1)%Represents the ability of sewage treatment [42].
Green Coverage Rate (R2)%Represents the response to quantity of water resources [42].
River Water Quality Compliance Rate (R3)%Represents the ability of river water resources protection [42].
Source Water Quality Compliance Rate (R4)%Represents the response to quality of freshwater resources [42].
Rate of Wastewater up to Discharge Standard for Urban (R5)%Represents the response to water resource security condition [46].
Water Functional Area Compliance Rate (R6)%Represents the response to water resource security condition [45].
Rate of Water Ecosystem Project Investment to GDP (R7)%Represents the response to water environmental protection [47].
Rate of Environmental Protection Investment to GDP (R8)%Represents the response to ecological management and protection [43].