Adaptive Cultural Algorithm-Based Cuckoo Search for Time-Dependent Vehicle Routing Problem with Stochastic Customers Using Adaptive Fractional Kalman Speed Prediction

Table 10

Prediction error with different algorithms (km/h).

Business district	AFKF		FKF		KF
	MSE	MAPE	MSE	MAPE	MSE	MAPE
Siming	1.4443	3.8773	1.9888	4.5995	2.6275	5.2535
Huli	2.7632	3.4929	2.7823	3.6189	3.1027	3.6632
Haicang	2.2912	3.4245	2.3334	3.4322	2.5653	3.4551
Jimei	1.7556	2.2908	1.7663	2.4931	2.6664	2.736
Tongan	1.4951	2.0732	1.9425	2.2198	1.9284	2.4390