Research Article
An Empirical Study for Adopting Machine Learning Approaches for Gas Pipeline Flow Prediction
Table 1
Sensitivity tests using different regularization methods and penalty strength.
| | | Alpha | 1 × 10−6 | 1 × 10−5 | 0.0001 | 0.001 | 0.01 | 0.1 | 1.0 |
| | Lasso | MSE | 4 × 104 | 4 × 104 | 4.2 × 104 | 6 × 104 | 1.1 × 105 | 2.9 × 106 | 1.9 × 108 | | MRE | 7.2 × 10−3 | 7.2 × 10−3 | 7.4 × 10−3 | 9.8 × 10−3 | 1.3 × 10−2 | 5.3 × 10−2 | 4.0 × 10−1 | | 2.1 × 10−4 | 2.1 × 10−4 | 2.2 × 10−4 | 3.1 × 10−4 | 5.7 × 10−4 | 1.5 × 10−2 | 9.9 × 10−1 |
| | Ridge | MSE | 3.2 × 104 | 3.2 × 104 | 3.2 × 104 | 3.2 × 104 | 3.2 × 104 | 3.2 × 104 | 3.2 × 104 | | MRE | 6.2 × 10−3 | 6.2 × 10−3 | 6.2 × 10−3 | 6.2 × 10−3 | 6.2 × 10−3 | 6.2 × 10−3 | 6.2 × 10−3 | | 1.7 × 10−4 | 1.7 × 10−4 | 1.7 × 10−4 | 1.7 × 10−4 | 1.7 × 10−4 | 1.7 × 10−4 | 1.7 × 10−4 |
|
|
