Nondestructive Approach for Complex-Shaped Cracks in Concrete Structures by Electromagnetic Waves with FDTD Technique

<div>Measurement results: (a) S-parameters for Case A; (b) S-parameters for Case B; (c) reflection coefficient for Case A; (d) reflection coefficient for Case B, (e) transmission coefficient for Case A, and (f) transmission coefficient for Case B.</div>

Mathematical Problems in Engineering

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Figure 12

Figure 12: Nondestructive Approach for Complex-Shaped Cracks in Concrete Structures by Electromagnetic Waves with FDTD Technique 