Development of Machine Learning Methods in Hybrid Energy Storage Systems in Electric Vehicles

Table 3

Machine learning implementation results for HESSs.

Strategy	Without transactions		With transactions		Gradient of loss	Action error	Mean square error
	Train	Test	Train	Test
1	1500	500	1300	700	0.376	0.305	0.343
2	1700	300	1000	1000	0.360	0.450	0.303
3	1000	1000	1700	300	0.424	0.403	0.334
4	1300	700	1500	500	0.391	0.330	0.476
5	1500	500	1500	500	0.396	0.311	0.259