Research Article
Improved Hybrid Model for Predicting Concrete Crack Openings Based on Chaos Theory
Table 2
Metrics for evaluating the prediction accuracy of the different models.
| | | MSE | MAE | NRMSE |
| | Model I (M1) | 6.371 × 10−3 | 7.4935 × 10−2 | 1.462 × 10−3 | | Model II (M2) | 3.118 × 10−3 | 4.8492 × 10−2 | 1.023 × 10−3 | | Hybrid model (M3) | 8.30 × 10−4 | 2.3575 × 10−2 | 5.28 × 10−4 | | (M2 − M3)/M2 | 73.4% | 51.4% | 48.4% | | (M1–M3)/M1 | 87.0% | 68.5% | 63.9% |
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