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| Nodes of GERT | Meaning of nodes | Corresponding risks |
|
| 1 | Survey of demand | Anchoring range of the beneficiary group is narrow. (r1) |
| Service coverage is low. (r2) |
| 2 | Determination of purchase contents | The purchase content is single and the level is low. Medical treatment, hospice care, and other aspects are relatively scarce. (r3) |
| 3 | Dependent purchase | Government’s administrative monopoly leads to the low vitality of social organizations. (r4) |
| 4 | Independent with noncompetitive purchase | Under the purchase way of independent with noncompetitive, social organizations with a certain social reputation reduce the purchase risk to a certain extent; however, they lack the motivation to improve their service quality due to the lack of competition in the market. (r5) |
| 5 | Independent with competitive purchase | There is still unfair competition in the acquaintance society. (r6) |
| There is a dependency relationship between governments and social organizations. Once social organizations are “governmental,” they tend to be inefficient. (r7) |
| 6 | Determination of service providers | There are few nursing workers with professional competence in social organizations. (r8) |
| There are few nursing workers in social organizations where many of the elderly people are accommodated. (r9) |
| The construction of infrastructure in social organizations is not perfect. (r10) |
| 7 | Financial investment | The government’s capital investment is insufficient, and the support strength is low. r11) |
| 8 | In-kind funding | Lack of in-kind funding at all levels of demand, such as medical equipment, rehabilitation facilities, interest class equipment, etc. (r12) |
| 9 | Issuance of service voucher | Misuse of service vouchers goes against the original intention. For example, there are service voucher-designated stores raising prices. (r13) |
| The coverage is small, and the object of service voucher is often determined by local residents or house property certificate. (r14) |
| 10 | Reduction of venue rent | The government’s capital investment is insufficient, and the support strength is low. (r11) |
| 11 | Determination of purchase way | Purchase way is single, lacking of multiple and dynamic ways of purchase. (r15) |
| 12 | Supervision and evaluation | There is the lack of policy and system basis, which aims to supervision and evaluation. |
| The subject of supervision and evaluation is single. (r17) |
| Supervision and evaluation on the whole process of government purchasing pension services is empty. For example, the selection of early service providers, the use of funds, and the guarantee of service quality all need evaluation and supervision. (r18) |
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