Artificial intelligence (AI) utilizes methods from neural networks, operations research, statistics, and more to uncover hidden insights in big data. With its automatic perception and judgment characteristics, AI has effectively supported the development of various engineering fields such as communications, smart grids, transportation, and so on. It has brought new opportunities and urgency to the development of AI and accelerated its advancement. Algorithms are at the core of AI, and mathematical modeling is the core thinking of algorithms. Mathematical modeling expresses practical problems mathematically through ordinary and partial differential equations, stochastic processes, calculus of variations, nonlinear analysis, and so on, and then establishes mathematical models to solve practical engineering problems.

However, AI has encountered difficulties in engineering mathematical modeling problems, mainly due to the difficulty in modeling representations of complex engineering scenarios. Engineering scenarios' highly dynamic and heterogeneous characteristics exacerbate this phenomenon. In addition, the modeling model also poses challenges in terms of generalization, robustness, applicability, and other attributes in engineering.

The aim of this Special Issue is to bring together leading researchers from industry and academia to identify and discuss the recent advances and applications of AI-based mathematical modeling in engineering. Original research and review articles are welcomed.

Potential topics include but are not limited to the following:

• Recent network architecture and protocol design of AI-based mathematical modeling in engineering
• Recent advances and applications of AI-based mathematical modeling in aerospace engineering, such as UAV, space-air-ground integrated, etc.
• Recent advances and applications of AI-based mathematical modeling in computer engineering, such as personalized recommendation, pattern recognition, etc.
• Recent advances and applications of AI-based mathematical modeling in electrical engineering, such as smart grid, Internet of Things (IoT), Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS), etc.
• Recent advances and applications of AI-based mathematical modeling in communications engineering, such as network security, network management, resource allocation, task optimization, etc.
• Recent advances and applications of AI-based mathematical modeling in other engineering aspects