A Comprehensive Analysis on Abundance, Distribution, and Bionomics of Potential Malaria Vectors in Mannar District of Sri Lanka

Table 6

Physicochemical characteristics (mean ± SE, range) of breeding habitats in the district of Mannar.

Breeding places	Temperature (°C)	DO (mg/l)	pH (25°C)	Conductivity (μs/cm)	Salinity (mg/l)	TDS (mg/l)	Turbidity (NTU)
Tank margin	31.71 ± 0.07a,d	5.84 ± 0.06a	7.94 ± 0.04a,c	1070.3 ± 26.7b,c	527.2 ± 15.4b	715 ± 18.6b	30.53 ± 1.82b
	(29.8 - 32.8)	(3.8 - 7.1)	(7.09 - 8.74)	(539 – 1763)	(244 – 764)	(162 – 986)	(3.72 - 76.8)
Waste water collection	31.70 ± 0.10a	3.45 ± 0.15a,c	7.87 ± 0.05a,c	3204 ± 294b	1347 ± 103b	1795 ± 136c,d	36.32 ± 5.85b
	(29.6 - 32.7)	(1.85 - 5.88)	(7.05 - 8.86)	(1068 – 7843)	(559 – 2746)	(722 – 3283)	(1.38 – 232)
Water storage tank	31.38 ± 0.16a,b	5.16 ± 0.15a,b,c	7.81 ± 0.11a,c,d	1403 ± 199b	629 ± 40.5b	744.8 ± 26.9b,c	0.74 ± 0.14b
	(30.8 - 31.7)	(4.81 - 5.71)	(7.48 - 8.12)	(1047 – 2175)	(538 – 729)	(673 – 816)	(0.42 - 1.21)
Field canal	31.43 ± 0.08a,d	5.54 ± 0.04a	7.62 ± 0.04a,d	1465 ± 115b,c	759.1 ± 66.2b	1058.4 ± 81.9b,e	43.35 ± 5.91b,c
	(30.2 - 31.9)	(5.06 - 5.98)	(7.28 - 7.96)	(933 – 2387)	(329 – 1349)	(600 -1864	(12.38 - 109
Main canal	31.4 ± 0.09a	5.0 ± 0.09a	7.95 ± 0.06a,c	10481 ± 1795a	5656 ± 1106a	6613 ± 1248a	15.31 ± 1.33a
	(30.1 - 32.1)	(4.02 - 5.9)	(7.25 - 8.64)	(1836 – 25100)	1033 - 14630	1323 - 16930	(4.83 - 28.8)
Paddy field	31.90 ± 0.08d,e	5.27 ± 0.08c	7.58 ± 0.05d	1656 ± 84.7b,c	905.7 ± 63.5b	1172.7 ± 72.1b,e	633.1 ± 83.8b,c
	(30.5 - 32.8)	(4.29 - 5.95)	(6.55 - 7.96)	(1003 – 2847)	(522 – 1575)	(735 – 1974)	(23.5 – 1928)
Pond	31.31 ± 0.07a	5.60 ± 0.18a	8.21 ± 0.095a	4128 ± 683c	2253 ± 400b	2725 ± 447d,e	25.96 ± 2.54c
	(30.0 - 31.9)	(4.21 - 11.6)	(7.21 - 9.89)	(852 – 26739)	(426 -15622)	(605 – 17623)	(4.02 - 82.1)
Built well	30.64 ± 0.09b	4.61 ± 0.07b	7.73 ± 0.0413c	1830 ± 179b,d	887.8 ± 87.7b,d	1175 ± 122b	4.52 ± 0.69 b
	(29.0 - 32.3)	(2.97 - 5.59)	(7.15 - 8.53)	(521 – 7243)	(219 – 3562)	(320 – 4537)	(0.26 - 24.9)
Cemented tank	30.60 ± 0.09b	5.03 ± 0.13b	7.93 ± 0.08a,c	2882 ± 233b,c	1175 ± 143b	1610 ± 178b,d	1.254 ± 0.113b,c
	(30.1 - 31.6)	(4.17 - 5.94)	(7.33 - 8.47)	(1172 – 3986)	(429 – 1983)	(712 – 2753)	(0.34 - 1.97)
Lagoon water collection	31.24 ± 0.19a,b	5.68 ± 0.53a	8.25 ± 0.16a	34734 ± 1974d	21105 ± 1344d	23156 ± 1462f	22.48 ± 2.35e
	(30.0 - 32.4)	(4.13 - 10.35)	(7.33 - 9.15)	(26000 – 45900)	(15600 – 28700)	(17060 – 30920)	(11.9 - 37.5)
Burrow pit	32.06 ± 0.15a,e	5.76 ± 0.09a	7.66 ± 0.07a,c	1458.4 ± 87.4b,c	589.2 ± 32.2b	786.8 ± 6.88b,e	56.85 ± 3.27b,c
	(31.2 - 32.7)	(5.33 - 6.13)	(7.29 - 7.89)	(1205 – 1865)	(453 – 785)	(776 – 848)	(34.14 - 75.3)
Rain water pool	31.59 ± 0.12a	4.28 ± 0.076a	8.65 ± 0.1b,d	7795 ±473a	3473 ± 282c	4917 ± 340a	29.77 ± 2.17a
	(30.2 - 32.4)	(3.28 - 4.93)	(8.03 - 9.89)	(4929 – 14720)	(2023 – 8283)	(2973 – 9744)	(17.73 - 59.22)

Note: values are given to the nearest significant decimal. Different superscript letters in a row show significant differences ( < 0.05) indicated by Tukey’s multiple comparison after Kruskall-Wallis test.