Normal Metabolic Levels in Prefrontal Cortex in Euthymic Bipolar I Patients with and without Suicide Attempts

Table 1

Demographic and clinical data of the participants.

	BD I patients		Healthy controls	Statistics
	Suicidal; ()	Nonsuicidal; ()	()
Gender ()
Male	6	5	10	= 2.31, = 0.31
Female	13	16	12
Age, mean ± SD (years)	39.8 ± 11.4	42.0 ± 8.6	37.7 ± 13.5	,
Educational level, mean ± SD (years)	12.0 ± 3.0	11.2 ± 3.7	11.2 ± 2.7	, = 0.69
Age of onset, mean ± SD (years)	24.3 ± 9.0	25.3 ± 9.4	NA	, = 0.73
Length of illness, mean ± SD (years)	15.6 ± 7.2	16.5 ± 10.7	NA	, = 0.75
Hospitalizations ()
Yes	13	18	NA	, = 0.26
No	6	3	NA
Number of hospitalizations, mean ± SD	6.0 ± 5.8	3.1 ± 2.8	NA	, = 0.08
Type of first episode
Depression	11	10	NA	, = 0.39
Mania	7	11	NA
Unknown	1	0	NA
Lifetime psychoses ()
Yes	15	9	NA	, = 0.96
No	4	11	NA
Family history of suicide ()
Yes	6	4	NA	, = 0.47
No	13	17	NA
Family history of attempt suicide ()
Yes	2	4	NA	, = 0.66
No	17	17	NA
Psychiatric comorbidities ()
Yes	10	4	NA	= 4,51, = 0.03^*
No	9	16	NA
^†BIS total score, mean ± SD	65.3 ± 14.7	59 ± 8.8	58,5 ± 9,6	, = 0.312
Attention score, mean ± SD	20.2 ± 4.0	17.1 ± 2.5	17.5 ± 3.7	, = 0.031^*
Motor score, mean ± SD	19.3 ± 5.8	19.8 ± 4.9	18.6 ± 4.4	, = 0.28
Nonplanning score, mean ± SD	25.8 ± 6.3	22.1 ± 4.3	22.5 ± 4.3	,

Only from the patients submitted to H⁺MRS.
Significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed).
NA—no applicable.