Effects of Exercise in Immersive Virtual Environments on Cortical Neural Oscillations and Mental State

Table 3

Mental state [%].

	PEPS	MOT	PSYCH
No-Exercise
Control	8.82 ± 6.56	−1.25 ± 5.55	−2.68 ± 6.16
OSM	−1.46 ± 6.39^†	26.09 ± 8.22	6.77 ± 5.64
TSM	3.85 ± 6.65	22.94 ± 7.08	3.47 ± 8.54^†
Exercise
Control	−2.07 ± 4.76	10.46 ± 7.98	−1.55 ± 4.86
OSM	26.09 ± 8.22	3.02 ± 7.26	21.73 ± 10.63
TSM	22.94 ± 7.08	5.27 ± 6.80	34.76 ± 8.66

Mental state, expressed as relative (%) changes from rest for perceived physical state (PEPS), motivational state (MOT), and psychological strain (PSYCH). Mental state assessments were measured before (rest) and following No-Exercise (automatic drive) and Exercise (moderate cycling) trials within three levels of virtual environment exposure (Control; OSM: one-screen mode; TSM: three-screen mode). indicates a significant difference compared with Control (); ^†difference between Exercise and No-Exercise trials (); ^†•trend between Exercise and No-Exercise trials (). Data are mean ± SEM ().