Research Article

Neural Plastic Effects of Cognitive Training on Aging Brain

Table 1

Comparison between the Cognitive Training and Active Control Groups on their demographic characteristics, cognitive processing speed, and depression scores at baseline.

Variables Cognitive Training 
()
Active Control 
()
Test of group differences
M (SD)M (SD) value

Age (years)70.1 (6.21)70.0 (6.60).953
Years of education8.71 (3.84)9.49 (4.44).173
Gender composition87 F : 22 M77 F : 23 M.736
TONI-III 16.6 (5.34)17.7 (6.64).218
MoCA 23.6 (1.88)23.8 (1.97).494
WAIS-III PSI71.0 (22.40)72.3 (22.74).677
GDS4.61 (2.67)4.31 (2.41).403

Note: only the demographic characteristics of the Cognitive Training and Active Control Groups were listed here. TONI-III = Test of Nonverbal Intelligence (Third Edition) (total raw score); MoCA = Montreal Cognitive Assessment, Hong Kong version (Total Score); WAIS-III PSI = Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, Third Edition Processing Speed Index (cumulative raw scores of the Digit-Symbol Coding subtest and Symbol Search subtest); GDS = Geriatric Depression Scale; level of significance: .