Cross-Modal Functional Reorganization of Visual and Auditory Cortex in Adult Cochlear Implant Users Identified with fNIRS

Figure 3

Grand averages of HbO and HbR concentrations for visual and auditory stimuli. The overall layout is identical to Figure 1. The upper row represents visual stimuli and the lower row represents auditory stimuli, both averaged over all conditions. The left column represents measurement over visual cortex and the right column represents measurement over auditory cortex. For the cross-modal responses (upper right and lower left), the activations are plotted separately for left and right hemispheres. Additionally, HbO and HbR concentrations are plotted with separate scales, the right for HbR and the left for HbO. For the intramodal responses (upper left and lower right), the activations were averaged across left and right hemispheres. One can see from the plot that the intramodal responses show almost no difference between groups, whereas the cross-modal responses show larger activation for CI users compared to NH controls.