Enhanced Neuroplasticity by the Metabolic Enhancer Piracetam Associated with Improved Mitochondrial Dynamics and Altered Permeability Transition Pore Function

Figure 2

Piracetam diminishes changes in neurite outgrowth after complex I impairment. (a) Representative pictures of SH-SY5Y Ctl and (b) SH-SY5Y APPwt cells treated with 250 nM rotenone and piracetam (Pira); scale bar represents 25 µm. (c) SH-SY5Y Ctl and (d) SH-SY5Y APPwt cells were seeded and incubated for one day. Afterwards, incubation was started with 1 mM piracetam (Pira) for 72 hours. During the last 24 hours, cells were additionally treated with different concentrations of rotenone (25 nM, 250 nM, or 2.5 µM). Afterwards, cells were fixed and stained for analysis of neurite outgrowth. Data are represented as mean ± SEM; One-Way ANOVA with Tukey’s Multiple Comparison test (, , and compared to rotenone treated cells); = 6–14.

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