Senior Dance Experience, Cognitive Performance, and Brain Volume in Older Women

Table 2

M and SD for performance in the four cognitive tasks separated for senior dancers () and controls (), as well as F- and p values and effect sizes of the respective MANCOVA with age and IQ score as covariates.

Cognitive task	Group	M	SD	F(1,55)		pη^2
Flanker Task; (q-score)	Senior dancers	1.01	0.26	0.62	.44	.01
	Control group	1.05	0.28
Visual Search; Task (q-score)	Senior dancers	1.06	0.39	0.64	.43	.01
	Control group	1.00	0.27
Memory encoding (sum; of 5 trials)	Senior dancers	53.00	8.03	0.32	.58	.01
	Control group	54.59	6.21
Long-term memory (trial 5; – trial)	Senior dancers	2.43	2.17	3.01	.09	.05
	Control group	1.45	1.57