Circadian Rhythm Disturbances in Mood Disorders: Insights into the Role of the Suprachiasmatic Nucleus

Table 2

Effects of pharmacotherapies for mood disorders on locomotor and SCN rhythms.

Drug	Effects on locomotor activity in rodents	Effects on the SCN in rodents
SSRIs	Phase-advanced locomotor activity [130, 131]; Shortened locomotor activity period [141, 142]	Phase-advanced neural activity when applied with L-tryptophan in rats [56]; Phase-advanced neural activity [137]; Shortened PER1::LUC period [143]
Lithium	Lengthened locomotor activity period [153–155]	Lengthened neural activity period [158]; Lengthened PER2::LUC period [153, 156, 159, 160]; Increased amplitude of PER2::LUC rhythms [153, 156]
Valproic acid	Shortened locomotor activity period [183]	Phase-shifted PER2::LUC rhythms [160]; Increased amplitude of PER2::LUC rhythms [160]; Shortened PER2::LUC period [183]
Agomelatine	Phase-advanced rhythms [227]; Accelerated re-entrainment [232]; Entrained locomotor activity rhythms [228, 233]	Decreased firing rate [230, 231]