Combined Fluoxetine and Metformin Treatment Potentiates Antidepressant Efficacy Increasing IGF2 Expression in the Dorsal Hippocampus

Figure 3

LTP in the dorsal and ventral hippocampus is differentially affected by fluoxetine, metformin, or their combination. (a) LTP from extracellular records in the dorsal and ventral hippocampi. The time course of fEPSP slope responses evoked at 0.05 Hz and normalized as detailed in Materials and Methods. Arrows indicate repeated spaced HFS (100 Hz trains of 1 sec duration, 30 minutes apart). Treatments as indicated in the legend (in the dorsal hippocampus, VEH: , FLX: , MET: , and FLX-MET: and in the ventral hippocampus, VEH: , FLX: , MET: , and FLX-MET: ). Note that in the dorsal hippocampus, FLX-MET mice show an increased LTP compared to MET or VEH mice and that in VEH, LTP is higher in the ventral compared to the dorsal hippocampus. Tukey’s -test post hoc analysis, 20 minutes after the second HFS. FLX-MET vs VEH; FLX-MET vs MET. (b) PPR. Bar histogram indicates averaged PPR values for the dorsal hippocampus (VEH: , FLX: , MET: , and FLX-MET: ) and ventral hippocampus (VEH: , FLX: , MET: , and FLX-MET: ). Note that PPR is not affected by treatments and it is higher in the dorsal compared to the ventral hippocampus. Treatments as indicated in the legend, , the main effect of the hippocampal region. Data are presented as .

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