Effect and Safety of Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation on Recovery of Upper Limb Motor Function in Subacute Ischemic Stroke Patients: A Randomized Pilot Study
Table 2
Outcome mean differences in change from baseline.
Variable
Baseline
Endpoint
Between-group difference
taVNS group
Sham-taVNS group
taVNS group
Sham-taVNS group
Mean (95% CI)
10
11
10
11
FMA-U
0.024
FMA-U mean change from baseline (95% CI)
(5.57 to 8.23)
(2.40 to 3.97)
-3.72 (-5.12 to -2.32)
≤0.001
WMFT
0.036
WMFT mean change from baseline (95% CI)
(4.81 to 8.20)
(2.15 to 3.67)
-3.59 (-5.27 to -1.92)
≤0.001
FIM
0.013
FIM mean change from baseline (95% CI)
(6.98 to 14.02)
(4.90 to 8.37)
-3.86 (-7.41 to -0.32)
0.034
Brunnstrom
0.857
Brunnstrom mean change from baseline (95% CI)
(0.22 to 1.18)
(0.18 to 1.09)
-0.06 (-0.68 to 0.55)
0.831
Mean difference between groups in change from baseline scores. Data expressed as . FMA-U: upper limb Fugl-Meyer assessment; WMFT: Wolf motor function test; FIM: Functional Independence Measurement.
