Neural Plasticity

Review Article

Diagnostic and Therapeutic Potential of Exosomal MicroRNAs for Neurodegenerative Diseases

Table 1

Exosomal miRNAs as potential biomarkers for neurodegenerative disorders.


Disease	Source	Sample size	Upregulated	Downregulated	ROC curve analysis	References

AD	CSF	P: YOAD: 17 LOAD: 13 C: 12	miR-125b-5p in YOAD and LOAD	miR-16-5p in YOAD; miR-451a and miR-605-5p in both YOAD and LOAD	Y	[41]
	CSF	P: 10 C: 10	miR-9-5p and miR-598 in exosome-enriched AD CSF samples		N	[42]
	CSF	P: 94 C: not indicated		miR-193b	N	[43]
	Plasma	P: 35 C: 35	miR-548at-5p, miR-138-5p, miR-5001-3p, miR-659-5p	miR-23b-3p, miR-24-3p, miR-29b-3p, miR-125b-5p, miR-139-5p, miR-141-3p, miR-150-5p, miR-152-3p, miR-185-5p, miR-338-3p, miR-342-3p, miR-342-5p, miR-3065-5p, miR-3613-3p, miR-3916, miR-4772-3p	N	[44]
	Serum	P: 50 C: 59	miR-361-5p, miR-30e-5p, miR-93-5p, miR-15a-5p, miR-143-3p, miR-335-5p, miR-106b-5p, miR-101-3p, miR-424-5p, miR-106a-5p, miR-18b-5p, miR-20a-5p, and miR-582-5p	miR-1306-5p, miR-342-3p, and 15b-3p	N	[45]
	Serum	P: 32 (AD: 22; VD:10) C: 16		miR-223	Y	[50]
	Serum	P: 208 C:288	miR-135a and miR-384	miR-193b	Y	[51]
	CSF	P: 28 C:27	miR-132-5p and miR-485-5p	miR-29c, miR-136-3p, miR-16-2, miR-331-5p	Y	[52]
	Plasma	P: 10 C:15		miR-23a-3p, miR-126-3p, let-7i-5p, and miR-151a-3p	Y	[53]
	Plasma	P: 32 C:31		miR-132-3p and miR-212-3p	Y	[54]
	Serum	P: 33 (AD:13; MCI: 10; VD: 10) C:10	miR-361-5p, miR-30e-5p, miR-93-5p, miR-15a-5p, miR-143-3p, miR-335-5p, miR-106b-5p, miR-101-3p, miR-424-5p, miR-106a-5p, miR-18b-5p, miR-3065-5p, miR-20a-5p, and miR-582-5p	miR-1306-5p, miR-342-3p, and miR-15b-3p	Y	[55]
	Serum	P: 23 C:20	miR-3157-5p, miR-32-5p, miR-374a-5p, miR-20a-5p, miR-585-5p, miR-941, miR-3065-5p, miR-219a-1-3p et al.		N	[56]
	Plasma	P: 40 C:40	miR-23a-3p, miR-223-3p, and miR-190a-5p	miR-100-3p	N	[57]
	Plasma	P: 5 C: 34	miR-423-5p, miR-369-5p, and miR-23a-3p	miR-204-5p, miR-125a-5p, miR-1468-5p, miR-375, and let-7e-5p	N	[59]
	Serum	P: 54 (AD: 30, VD: 24) C:30	miR-34b, miR-29a		Y	[74]
	Plasma	97 older individuals	miR-342-3p, miR-125b-5p, miR-125a-5p, and miR-451a-3p et al. were associated with decreased MoCA scores		N	[58]

PD	Serum	P: 109 C:40	miR-24, miR-195	miR-19b	Y	[69]
	CSF	P: 40 C:40	let-7f-5p, miR-10b-5p, miR-151a-3p	miR-27a-3p, miR-423-5p, miR-22-3p	Y	[72]
	Plasma	P: 52 C:48	miR-331-5p	miR-505	Y	[73]
	CSF	P: 47 C:27	miR-103a, miR-30b, miR-16-2, miR-26a, miR-331-5p, miR-153, miR-132-5p, miR-485-5p, miR-127-3p, miR-409-3p, miR-433, miR-370, let-7g-3p, miR-873-3p, miR-136-3p, miR-10a-5p	miR-1, miR-22, miR-29, miR-374, miR-119a, miR-126, miR-151, miR-28, miR-301a, miR-19b-3p, miR-29c	Y	[52]
	Plasma	P: 7 C: 34	let-7e-5p		N	[59]
	Serum	P: 55 (PD: 30, VP: 25) C:30	miR-29a		Y	[74]

ALS	Serum	P: 10 C: 20		miR-27a-3p	N	[83]
	Plasma	P: 14 C: 8	miR-532-3p, miR-144-3p, miR-15a-5p, miR-363-3p, miR-183-5p	miR-4454, miR-9-1-5p, miR-9-3-5p, miR-9-2-5p, miR-338-3p, miR-100-5p, miR-7977, miR-1246, miR-664a-5p, miR-7641-1, miR-1290, miR-4286, miR-181b-1-5p, miR-1260b, miR-181b-2-5p, miR-127-3p, let-7c-5p, miR-181a-1-5p, miR-181a-2-5p, miR-199a-2-3p. miR-199b-3p, miR-199a-1-3p	Y	[84]
	Plasma	P: 5 C: 5	miR-4736, miR-4700-5p, miR-1207-5p, miR-4739, miR-4505, miR-24-3p, miR-149-3p, miR-4484, miR-4688, miR-4298, miR-939-5p, miR-371a-5p, miR-3619-3p	miR-1268a, miR-2861, miR-4508, miR-4507, miR-3176, miR-4745-5p, miR-3911, miR-3605-5p, miR-150-3p, miR-3940-3p, miR-4646-5p, miR-4687-5p, miR-4788, miR-4674, miR-1913, miR-634, miR-3177-3p	N	[85]

SCA3	Plasma and CSF	P: 24 C:22		miR-7014 was downregulated in plasma-derived exosomes but upregulated in CSF-derived exosomes	N	[99]

AD: Alzheimer’s disease; CSF: cerebrospinal fluid; P: patients; C: controls; YOAD: young-onset AD; LOAD: late-onset AD; ROC: receiver operating characteristic; Y: yes; N: no; VD: vascular dementia; MCI: mild cognitive impairment; PD: Parkinson’s disease; VP: vascular parkinsonism; ALS: amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; SCA3: Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 3.